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6 of 12|Constitution & Legal Background
reading 15 min•Constitutional Provisions
Fundamental Rights
An overview of the broader framework of fundamental rights.
🎯 Learning Objectives
- ▸ Understand the structure of Part III
- ▸ See the relationship between privacy and other rights
- ▸ Understand the concept of "basic structure"
The Framework
The Indian Constitution guarantees six fundamental rights:
- • Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)
- • Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)
- • Right against Exploitation (Articles 23-24)
- • Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28)
- • Cultural and Educational Rights (Articles 29-30)
- • Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32)
Privacy is not explicitly mentioned in any of these. It has been read into Article 21 (Right to Life) and Article 19 (Freedom of Speech) by the courts.
📖 Glossary
- Article 32
- The "Right to Constitutional Remedies," often called the "heart and soul of the Constitution" by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.
🔑 Key Takeaways
- Part III contains the fundamental rights.
- Rights can be enforced directly in the Supreme Court (Article 32).
- Privacy intersects with equality, speech, religion, and life.
📚 Further Reading
- Constitution of India, Part III — Government of India (1950)
Course Author
Shilpi Kulshrestha
Shilpi is a corporate lawyer with over a decade of experience in data protection, company law, and regulatory compliance. She has advised 50+ startups and enterprises on DPDPA readiness, privacy gover...